Westphalian Light Horse Regiment (Westphalian Lancers)

The Westphalian Light Horse Regiment or Lancers were part of the Westphalian contingent supplied to meet Napoleon's demand for allied troops for his invasion of Spain with the infantry crossing into the country from Perpignan on the 5th of May 1809.

The cavalry operated separately from the infantry entering Spain with three squadrons under the command of Colonel Karl Cristoph Wilhelm Hildesheim, in November 1808 as part of Maupetit's brigade in IV Corps commanded by Marshal Lefebvre;

French 4th Corps in the Tagus Valley, Mid-December 1808
General Maupetit
5th Dragoon Regiment (30/430)
Westphalian Chevauxleger Regiment (28/400)
Dutch Chasseur a Cheval Regiment (l6/320)
Source:Balagny, Campagne de l'Empereur napoleon en Espagne (l808-l809)

In January 1809 the regiment stayed near Madrid and the Tagus valley as part of Beumont's brigade attached to I Corps under Marshal Victor;

I Corps: Maréchal Victor, 1 February 1809
Cavalry Brigade: Général de brigade Beaumont (1,386)
2nd Hussar Regiment
26th Chasseur à Cheval Regiment
Westphalian Chevauléger Regiment
Source: Oman

In June 1809 the regiment goes back to IV Corps now under General de Division Sebastiani, joining General Ormancey's brigade in Merlin's division.

IV Corps: Général de division Sebastiani - 28th July 1809 at Talavera, source Oman
Cavalry Division: Général de brigade Merlin (1,188)
Brigade: Général de brigade Strolz
10th Chasseur à Cheval Regiment
26th Chasseur à Cheval Regiment
Brigade: Général de brigade Ormancey
Polish Lancer Regiment
Westphalian Chevauleger Regiment

In the time period from its entering Spain up to Talavera, it is little engaged  taking part in a small action on the 11th March 1809 at Hynojola when Victor and I Corps are starting to move up the Tagus valley to support Soult's operation in Portugal. They are recorded as having just five wounded..

Their next action is Talavera where they are primarily in reserve with the rest of the cavalry just suffering two wounded during the day.

Westphalian Chevau-legers of the line, illustrated on the left, figures 1a-h from Histofig

http://empire.histofig.com/Chevau-legers-lanciers.html

General de Brigade Ormancey with his two lancer regiments

My Westphalians are composed of French line lancers from AB, not a perfect alternative but pretty good. As you will see the late surtout (tunic) of the lancers is not quite right and I had to file off the turban carried on the lancers helmet to capture the look of the Westphalian model. The trumpeter is a lancer trumpeter with a suitable head transplant.

I have given my regiment four squadrons to cater for those occasions when I may want the extra figures, but for Talavera they will field just the three. The "Lancer Brigade" under Colonel (General de Brigade) Ormancey will make an imposing sight sat behind the serried ranks of French infantry and should help keep the British commander honest by not wanting to see these chaps wading in among any disordered redcoats.

Other sources consulted for this post;
Charging Against Wellington - The French Cavalry in the Peninsular War 1807-14, Robert Burnham
Sir Charles Oman's orders of battle.

Next up, the British Heavies, starting with the 4th Queen's Own Regiment of Dragoons, followed by the 3rd Prince of Wales Regiment of Dragoon Guards, plus the final play test of the "Night Attack" scenario

1st Vistula Legion Lancer Regiment, later the 7th Lancers

If you ask any student of the Peninsular War to name some famous cavalry units that come to mind, the Vistula Legion Lancers are bound to be included in the list. They would immortalise their part in the history of the war in company with the 2nd and 10th French hussars by the destruction of Colborne's British infantry brigade at Albuera in 1811; taking advantage of a fortuitous down pouring of rain that masked their approach and defeating any attempted defensive musketry as they took the 1/3rd (Buffs), 2/48th and 2/66th Foot in the flank, destroying the three battalions, with the 2/31st Foot just managing to form square and save itself, and almost turning the battle. However as the regiment took post at Talavera, all this lay in the future.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Albuera

The Vistula Legion was the second component of Polish troops that served in the Peninsular War, with the Legion infantry and lancers serving separately from the troops of the army of the Grand Duchy of Warsaw.

The 1st Vistula Lancers entered Spain with the other units of the Legion in June 1808 with four squadrons and a strength of 717 men under the command of Colonel Jan Konopka as part of Marshal Lannes Corps that was sent to lay siege to Saragossa where Colonel Konopka was wounded.

In August 1808, following the Spanish victory over Dupont at Bailen and the eviction of Junot's Corps from Portugal,  Napoleon realised that the situation in Spain would require his personal attention and the army as a whole was reorganised for the second invasion. This reorganisation found the Vistula Lancers attached to III Corps under Marshal Moncey as part General Watier's cavalry brigade:

III Corps: Maréchal Moncey - 15th November 1808, source Oman.
Cavalry Brigade: Général de brigade Wathier
3/1st Provisional (13th) Cuirassier Regiment (7/101)
1st Provisional Hussar Regiment (24/237)
2nd Provisional Hussar Regiment (20/216)
Cavalerie de Marche (12/28l)
Polish Lancers (33/674)

III Corps played a leading role in Napoleon's assault on the River Ebro and the second siege of Saragossa in 1809.

January 1809 brought more changes in the organisation of the French forces with Napoleon realising his need to prepare for a coming war with Austria and the Vistula Lancers found themselves briefly attached to General Lasalle's Light Cavalry Division with the 9th Dragoons as part of Montbrun's cavalry brigade based at Talavera. However this new division only lasted a month as three of its generals left for service on the Danube with the Emperor between January and March and with Lasalle himself recalled in April.

In February 1809, the regiment was back under the command of General Watier as part of III Corps under General Junot, who replaced Marshal Moncey during the second siege of Saragossa on the 29th January 1809 seeing the city surrender, after an epic struggle, on the 20th February.

III Corps: Général de division Junot - 1st February 1809, source Oman.
Cavalry Brigade: Général de brigade Watier (1,652)
13th Cuirassier Regiment
4th Hussar Regiment
Polish Lancer Regiment
1st Provisional Hussar Regiment
1st Provisional Light Cavalry Regiment

In April 1809, the regiment was reassigned to General Ormancey's Light cavalry brigade part of Merlin's division in IV Corps commanded by the recently appointed General Horace Sebastiani and operating south of Madrid. It would be under this command that the regiment would be present at Talavera.

IV Corps: Général de division Sebastiani - 28th July 1809 at Talavera, source Oman
Cavalry Division: Général de brigade Merlin (1,188)
Brigade: Général de brigade Strolz
10th Chasseur à Cheval Regiment
26th Chasseur à Cheval Regiment
Brigade: Général de brigade Ormancey
Polish Lancer Regiment
Westphalian Chevauleger Regiment

The brigade commander, Colonel, Baron Francois Leon Ormancey was one of the older officers commanding in the army at 53 years old and would not be confirmed as a General de Brigade until the following year being the second oldest colonel to be promoted among all Peninsular cavalry generals. The average age of a newly promoted General de Brigade was 37 years old.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_L%C3%A9on_Ormancey

The regiment was in reserve to the division for most of the day briefly relocating in the afternoon to support French manoeuvres in the northern valley. They suffered casualties of just two wounded, reflecting their passive posture during the battle. They would certainly vent any frustration from their first meeting with the redcoats two years later, but that, as they say, is for another day.

Lancer dress, top right and sheepskin cloth,bottom right. Note the plain fronted Czapka, quite different from the GDW Uhlans

Trumpeter, top right, and the red and white lance pennon used in the Peninsular War bottom right

The illustrations above are from the excellent resource that is Histofig
http://empire.histofig.com/-Les-legions-polonaises,183-.html

My Vistula Lancers are composed of figures from AB using the Grand Duchy of Warsaw range of Uhlans. The Vistula Lancers portrayed by AB have them using pointed shabraques (saddle cloths) and the classic illustrations of the Lancers has them using French style sheepskin saddle cloths with yellow dogs teeth edgings, hence the recourse to using the Uhlan figures after removing the eagle badges from their Czapkas.

Next up, "Intellegence Officer in the Peninsula" - Book Review, Talavera - Attack on the Pajar de Vergara and the Westphalian Cheveau Legere.

Other sources consulted for this post;
Charging Against Wellington - The French Cavalry in the Peninsular War 1807-14, Robert Burnham
The Peninsular War Atlas, Colonel Nick Lipscombe
Sir Charles Oman's orders of battle

Grand Duchy of Warsaw - 2nd Battalion, 4th Infantry Regiment

This week has been taken up with a lot of work finishing off the Talavera table so the figure painting schedule had to be adapted slightly to account for the time. With that work done it's back to the Poles.

The second battalion of the 4th Grand Duchy of Warsaw Infantry Regiment completes the Polish infantry component at Talavera.

For more information on the history of the Grand Duchy's involvement in the Peninsular War, see my previous post on the 1/4th.

http://jjwargames.blogspot.co.uk/2015/04/grand-duchy-of-warsaw-1st-battalion-4th.html

As previously the battalion is composed of figures from the Warmodelling range of figures with an AB French officer with sword drawn at the front and my Colour is from Adolfo Ramos' range of flags, a link to which is in the side bar.

Strictly speaking, these chaps should see no action in the forthcoming games as they were held in reserve by Sebastiani throughout the 28th July, so I'm probably going to have to come up with a suitable penalty if the French players decide to make use of them.

I hope you like the cameo close up, that heads up the post. I am quite keen to let the figures do all the work, so I have been messing about with a banner like header using the figures. Let me know what you think.

The Grand Duchy of Warsaw, 4th Infantry Regiment drawn up for battle on the Talavera table

Next up, we are into the "donkey wallopers" with the Vistula Legion Lancers, followed by Westphalian Chevau Legere and then probably the best cavalry on the table, Fane's British heavy dragoons. However I have another trip to Paris lined up this week and I am keen to get the "Night Attack" scenario finished off with the third and final test game. So I might be mixing things up a bit.

Grand Duchy of Warsaw - 1st Battalion, 4th Regiment of Infantry

Poland is one of those countries that, over the centuries, has found itself in the unfortunate position of being surrounded by powerful neighbours often seen by them as a buffer between opposing power blocks and a useful possession to supply manpower and wealth. This position has often led to its partition and forced Poles into a struggle for unification and recognition of its borders.

Such a partition between powerful neighbours occurred in November 1795 when the country was divided up between Russia, Prussia and Austria and its King, Stanislas Augustus, forced to abdicate and an early retirement in Russia.

France, alone, opposed this partition and became the natural refuge for Polish exiles and a recruiting base for the nucleus of Polish legionary units fighting for France against the occupiers in the years following.

The culmination of the rise of Napoleonic France reached its pinnacle with the defeats of Russia, Prussia and Austria in the campaigns of 1805, 1806 and 1807 and the signing of the Treaty of Tilsit between Napoleon and Tsar Alexander of Russia and King Wilhelm of Prussia on a raft moored in the centre of the River Niemen.

Treaty of Tilsit - 7th to 9th July 1807

One of the results of the treaty was the creation of the Grand Duchy of Warsaw under the nominal control of the King of Saxony, not quite the position the Poles had struggled for over the years, having pressed Napoleon for the reconstitution of an independent Poland set up on the borders of 1795. The creation of the Duchy, though not meeting the expectations of Poles was to prove a future source of tension between France and Russia and one of the principle causes for a return to war between the two empires in 1812.

The Grand Duchy infantry 1809-12 - Grenadier of the 4th Regiment 1b (One interpretation!)
Note the change to a czapka seen after Spain

A new Polish army of about 40,000 men was established under the command of General Poniatowski constructed on the French model and contained twelve infantry regiments each of three battalions, seven cavalry regiments and three artillery battalions each of four batteries. The new army incorporated units from the former Legion du Nord but saw the former Italian Legion left separate from the Duchy's army and renamed the Legion of the Vistula consisting of three infantry regiments of three battalions and an uhlan (lancers) regiment.

In the spring of 1808, Napoleon ordered the Vistula Legion into Spain, later reinforced by a Second Legion bringing the force up to four infantry regiments, a battery of 8 lbr guns and the uhlan regiment. This force was followed in the August by the best units of infantry in the Grand Duchy's army, the 4th, 7th and 9th regiments each of two battalions.

With the re-invasion of Spain in November 1808, the Grand Duchy Infantry regiments were part of Lefebvre's IVth Corps, 3rd Division under GdD Valence

French 4th Corps In the Tagus Valley Mid-December 1808
Commanding Officer: Marechal Lefebvre

lst Division: General de division Sebastiani
lst Brigade: General de brigade Roguet
28th Line Infantry Regiment (43/l,050)
32nd Line Infantry Regiment (64/l,623)
2nd Brigade: General de brigade Pouzet
58th Line Infantry Regiment (42/l,335
75th Line Infantry Regiment (45/l,000)
Artillery: (4/2l0)

2nd Division: General de division Leval
Madrid Garrison:
Nassau Infantry Regiment (l,l42)
Baden Infantry Regiment (940)
Prince Primate (Frankfurt) Battalion (366)
Polish Artillery (64)
Detachment: General Chasse
Dutch Infantry Regiment (48/907)
Det. Dutch Hussar Regiment (4/56)
Det. Prince Primate Battalion (3/54)
Det/Hesse-Darmstadt Infantry Regiment (l2/442)

3rd Division: General de division Valence
lst Brigade: General de brigade Vonderweidt
4th Polish Line Infantry Regiment (25/850)
7th Polish Line Infantry Regiment (52/l,750)
2nd Brigade: General de brigade Schramm
9th Polish Line Infantry Regiment (56/l,630)
Artillery (8/250)

Cavlary: General Maupetit
5th Dragoon Regiment (30/430)
Westphalian Chevauxleger Regiment (28/400)
Dutch Chasseur a Cheval Regiment (l6/320)
Division: General Lasalle
9th Dragoon Regiment (27/474)
l0th Chasseur a Cheval Regiment (22/443)
5th Chasseur a Cheval Regiment (23/426)
Polish Lancer Regiment (33/600)
3rd Dragoon Division: General Milhaud
l2th Dragoon Regiment (24/422)
l6th Dragoon Regiment (20/304)
2lst Dragoon Regiment (23/3l8)

Balagny, Campagne de l'Empereur napoleon en Espagne (l808-l809)

By February 1809 IVth Corps was under the command of GdD Sebastiani and along with I Corps under Marshal Victor was detailed to follow up and pursue Spanish forces operating to the south of Madrid

IV Corps: Général de division Sebastiani 1st February 1809

1st Division: Général de division Sebastiani (5,660)
28th Line Regiment (3)
32nd Line Regiment (3)
58th Line Regiment (3)
75th Line Regiment (3)
Artillery:
19/6th Foot Artillery (0/0/0/1)
8/7th Foot Artillery (1/5/6/84)
13/7th Foot Artillery (1/3/2/20)
Dutch Horse Artillery (4/6/5/48)
9th Artillery Artisan Company (0/0/0/6)
2/6th (bis) Train Battalion (0/0/1/15)
3/11th Principal Train Battalion (1/3/5/102)
Dutch Train Company (2/5/4/58)
Det/Light Mule Train Battalion (1/0/0/20)

2nd Division: Général de division Leval (3,127)
2nd Nassau Regiment (2)
4th Baden Regiment (2)
Hesse-Darmstädt Gross und Erbprinz Regiment (2)
Frankfurt Battalion
l/2nd Dutch Line Regiment
2/4th Dutch Line Regiment
(2 battalions formed into the 2nd Dutch Line after
14 June 1809)
Artillery:(figures as of 1 February)
2nd Baden Foot Artillery (5/0/0/84)
2nd Hessian Foot Artillery (1/0/0/37)
2/6th (bis) Train Battalion (1/0/0/98)

3rd Division: Général de division Valence (3,915)
4th Polish Regiment (2)
7th Polish Regiment (2)
9th Polish Regiment (2)
Artillery:
3rd Polish Foot Artillery (3/0/0/98)
Det/6th (bis) Train Battalion (0/0/0/94)

Cavalry Brigade: Général de brigade Maupetit (1,781)
5th Dragoon Regiment
3rd Dutch Hussar Regiment
Polish Lancer Regiment
Artillery Total (30 guns)

* Numbers are officers; sergeants; corporals, musicians; and gunners.
Oman, A History of the Peninsular War

The two Polish battalions can be seen in reserve behind Leval's 3rd German Division during the afternoon attack.

The corps was reorganised by the time of Talavera with the the second and third divisions exchanging titles. Only the 4th Polish Regiment under Colonel Comte Felix Potocki, joined the rest of IVth Corps at Talavera, being attached to Leval's "German Division".

Napoleon's German Division at Talavera

GdD Valence and the other two Polish regiments of the now 2nd Division were left at Toledo to watch General Venegas and the Army of La Mancha.

This decision to leave the Polish troops as a strategic reserve was mirrored with the deployment of the 4th Polish Regiment being left in tactical reserve during the Battle of Talavera. All through the campaign the French and certainly King Joseph were torn between the anticipated arrival of Soult's forces in the rear of the allied army and the threat to their own rear and a potential attack on Madrid by General Venegas. This explains the conservative retention of cavalry and infantry reserves (King Joseph's personal guard) not being thrown against the allied line during the battle.

The choice of the Poles to be in the reserve seems to have been a good decision if their fighting record is anything to go by and certainly the 4th Regiment would give a very good account of itself in the following year at Fuengirola where 300 members of the regiment defeated ten times their number of an Anglo-Spanish force sent against them.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Fuengirola

The wargamer has an interesting time trying to piece together the various, often contradictory, written and visual references on the infantry of the Grand Duchy of Warsaw with a preponderance of sources focusing on the later period of Polish activities from 1812 with their recall and re-uniforming in time for the invasion of Russia. 

Vistula Legion Infantry

The three Polish regiments were described as being in a very ragged state when, after being raised, they marched into Paris on their way to Spain and were entertained by the Imperial Guard. The units were issued with French uniform articles and most sources seem to agree that they entered Spain wearing bell topped shakos rather than the Polish style czapka issued to them later for the 1812 campaign in Russia. Thus I have opted to use the Warmodelling Vistula Legion infantry, suitably adapted but having a very early French style of dress with appropriate shakos and knee high leggings typical of French units earlier in the period. The flag is from Adolfo Ramos.

The shakos needed a Polish eagle painted over the brass plate above the peak (not seen on Vistula Legion infantry - see the two uniform illustrations for comparisons) and I had to scratch build a Polish eagle with raised wings to put on the standard pole. By no means perfect I am pleased with the overall look of the first battalion and they will make a very suitable reserve unit for the IVth Corps when set up on the table.

Sources consulted for this post include

http://napoleonistyka.atspace.com/polish_army_2.htm

Talavera, Wellington's First Victory in Spain - Andrew W Field

Napoleonic Armies - Ray Johnson

Poles & Saxons of the Napoleonic Wars - Nafziger, Wesolowski, Devoe

Napoleon's Polish Troops - von Pivka, Roffe 

Next up Talavera Night Attack, Game Two and the 2nd/4th Regiment Grand Duchy of Warsaw Infantry.

Napoleon's German Division at Talavera

I have to admit that the completion of the German Division, although fun and something I have always wanted to do, was a major indulgence on my part and a slight variation on my Talavera project plan. That variation being, that I intended to complete units for scenarios that would build up to the full battle and the German Division don't feature until scenario three, and there are other units required for scenario one that remain un-painted.

That being said I am hoping to have scenario one up and running around Xmas this year so please bear with me and as recompense, I thought I would share some pictures of the German Division as a whole. I should add that for Talavera the two battalions of the 4th Polish  Infantry Regiment were under the command of Laval, but as they were an attachment and will be present in scenario three I will add them later.

2nd [German] Infantry Division 
GdD Jean-Francois, Baron Leval,

Brigade
OB Heinrich, Freiherr von Porbeck,
Baden Infantry Regiment Gross-Herzog Nr. 4: OB Heinrich, Freiherr von Porbeck, 1st Battalion
Baden Infantry Regiment Gross-Herzog Nr.4: OB Heinrich. Freiherr von Porbeck, 2nd Battalion

Nassau Infantry Regiment Nr. 2: OB August von Kruse, 1st Battalion

Nassau Infantry Regiment Nr. 2: OB August von Kruse. 2nd Battalion
Baden Foot Battery: 2 - 7pdr howitzers. MAJ Franz-Friedrich-Christian von Steimnetz

Brigade
GM David-Hendrik Chasse,

Composite Dutch Infantry Regiment: OB Baron de Grave,1/2nd Infantry Regiment
Composite Dutch Infantry Regiment: OB Baron de Grave, 2/4th Infantry Regiment
Dutch Horse Artillery Battery Nr.3: 6 guns, HPT Hendrik-Rudolph Trip

Brigade
GdB Balthazard Grandjean,
Hessen-Darmstadt Infantry Regiment Gross- und Erbprinz Nr. 4: GM Georg-Johann Schaffer von Bernstein, 1st Battalion
Hessen-Darmstadt Infantry Regiment Gross- und Erbprinz Nr. 4: GM Georg-Johann Schaffer von Bernstein, 2nd Battalion
Confederation of the Rhine Battalion Nr.3 (Frankfurt) OBL von Welsch
Hessen-Darmstadt Foot Batterie: 4 - 6pdrs, LT Ludwig Venator

Front Row- left to right, Baden artillery, Baden Infantry (2 battalions), Dutch Infantry (2 battalions), Dutch Horse Artillery. Middle row, Nassau Infantry (2 battalions), Hesse Darmstadt Infantry (2 battalions), Hesse Darmstadt Artillery, Back Row Frankfurt battalion.

Von Porbeck's brigade

Chasse's brigade of Dutch

 

Grandjean's brigade

For close ups of the individual units just click on the links in the order of battle above.

Baden Foot Battery

The final unit to complete the German Division at Talavera is the Baden Foot Artillery under the command of Major Franz Friedrich Christian von Steinmetz.

2nd [German] Infantry Division 
GdD Jean-Francois, Baron Leval,

Brigade
OB Heinrich, Freiherr von Porbeck,
Baden Infantry Regiment Gross-Herzog Nr. 4: OB Heinrich, Freiherr von Porbeck, 1st Battalion
Baden Infantry Regiment Gross-Herzog Nr.4: OB Heinrich. Freiherr von Porbeck, 2nd Battalion

Nassau Infantry Regiment Nr. 2: OB August von Kruse, 1st Battalion

Nassau Infantry Regiment Nr. 2: OB August von Kruse. 2nd Battalion
Baden Foot Battery: 2 – 7pdr howitzers, MAJ Franz-Friedrich-Christian von Steinmetz

Brigade
GM David-Hendrik Chasse,

Composite Dutch Infantry Regiment: OB Baron de Grave,1/2nd Infantry Regiment
Composite Dutch Infantry Regiment: OB Baron de Grave, 2/4th Infantry Regiment
Dutch Horse Artillery Battery Nr.3: 6 guns, HPT Hendrik-Rudolph Trip

Brigade
GdB Balthazard Grandjean,
Hessen-Darmstadt Infantry Regiment Gross- und Erbprinz Nr. 4: GM Georg-Johann Schaffer von Bernstein, 1st Battalion
Hessen-Darmstadt Infantry Regiment Gross- und Erbprinz Nr. 4: GM Georg-Johann Schaffer von Bernstein, 2nd Battalion
Confederation of the Rhine Battalion Nr.3 (Frankfurt) OBL von Welsch
Hessen-Darmstadt Foot Batterie: 4 - 6pdrs, LT Ludwig Venator

The artillery wore the same coats as the infantry, but with black collars, lapels, plain round cuffs and turnbacks. The helmet was topped just with a black caterpillar crest, with brass fittings as were the buttons and shoulder scales.

The soldiers of the train had dark blue uniforms with light blue facings and brass buttons.

Digby Smith states in "Napoleon's German Division in Spain" 

Until recently, it has been unclear as to what calibre or model of guns this battery used, but a participant recorded that early on the 13th October (1808 in Bayonne) the drummer beat the general march. We were soon all busy receiving bread, meat, camping equipment, cooking utensils, cartridges  and exchanging our artillery guns for French cannon.

He then goes on to state that the battery was probably issued with six French 4 lbr cannon and two 6 inch howitzers as replacement for their original Hanoverian 6 lbr cannon and 7 lbr howitzers.

As you will see I have modelled all the artillery in the division along these lines, as I think this makes most sense in terms of handling the logistics of supply and to my mind it would seem unlikely that only one unit was issued French equipment and the others were not.

The figures I have used were AB Wurttemberg foot gunners, Blue Moon French 4lbr guns and the train are a French limber and team from Warmodelling. 

With my preference to using Carnage & Glory rules I am now setting my artillery units up to one gun base representing 3-4 guns and with a train that needs to be positioned behind the battery in base to base contact to represent the foot print of the unit when deployed. 

As I had originally built my units around the "Napoleon at War" system it now means their 4 model French batteries give me two two model batteries and I am adding a British foot crew to bring my British artillery component up to five foot batteries, although I still need to add three limbers to complete them.

Next the German Division on parade.